Synchronous collaborative writing instruction in a university EFL context: Challenges and solutions

This study explored EFL instructors’ perceptions and practices to identify challenges of teaching synchronous collaborative writing (SCW) then proposed solutions the problems. The instructor survey in online English instruction was sent 52 instructors from 15 regional universities Thailand; 51 responded and, after selection, 24 participants were included. Data also included classroom observations interviews. felt unprepared teach SCW because insufficient pedagogical skills engaging students a lack technology managing classrooms, facilitating real-time giving objective formative assessments. findings suggest that improve their quality regarding student engagement, goals, content, tools, management strategies, roles, activities assessment. These discoveries enable educators develop contextualised guidelines for initial preparation cyber education.
 Keywords: Online learning challenges, writing, practices,